QUESTION 1:
Which of the following devices can an administrator use to segment their LAN
(Choose all that apply)
A. Hubs
B. Repeaters
C. Switches
D. Bridges
E. Routers
F. Media Converters
G. All of the above
Answer: C, D, E
Explanation
witches and bridges forward broadcast but routers do not forward broadcasts by default
(they can via the "ip helper-address" command).
Switches, bridges and routers can segment an Ethernet collision domain via the use of
VLAN's
Incorrect Answers:
A. Hubs is incorrect because a hub doesn't segment a network, it only allows more hosts
on one. Hubs operate at layer one, and is used primarily to physically add more stations
to the LAN.
B. This also incorrect because the job of a repeater is to repeat a signal so it can exceed
distance limitations. It also operates at layer one and provides no means for logical LAN
segmentation.
F. This is incorrect because media converters work by converting data from a different
media type to work with the media of a LAN. It also operates at layer one and provides
no means for logical LAN segmentation.
QUESTION 2:
Routers perform which of the following functions? (Select three)
A. Packet switching
B. Collision prevention on a LAN segment.
C. Packet filtering
D. Broadcast domain enlargement
E. Broadcast forwarding
F. Internetwork communication
Answer: A, C, F
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Explanation:
A. Routers work in Layer 3 of the OSI Model. A major function of the router is to route
packets between networks.
C. Through the use of access lists, routers can permit and deny traffic using layer 3 and
layer 4 packet information.
F. The primary purpose of a router is to route traffic between different networks,
allowing for internetworking.
Incorrect Answers:
B. While routers can be used to segment LANs, which will reduce the amount of
collision: it can not prevent all collisions from occurring. As long as there as are 2 or more
devices on a LAN segment, the possibility of a collision exists, whether a router is used
or not.
D. The broadcast domain of a LAN is often segmented through the use of a router. This
results in reducing the size of the broadcast domain.
E. Routers do not forward broadcast traffic.
QUESTION 3:
Within the Certkiller office, The Sales and Production networks are separated by a
router as shown in the diagram below:
Which of the following statements most accurately describes the characteristics of
the above networks broadcast and collision domains? (Select the two best answer
choices)
A. There are two broadcast domains in the network.
B. There are four broadcast domains in the network.
C. There are six broadcast domains in the network.
D. There are four collision domains in the network.
E. There are five collision domains in the network.
F. There are seven collision domains in the network.
Answer: A, F
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Explanation:
In this network we have a hub being used in the Sales department, and a switch being
used in the Production department. Based on this, we have two broadcast domains: one
for each network being separated by a router. For the collision domains, we have 5
computers and one port for E1 so we have 6 collision domains total because we use a
switch in the Production Department so 5 are created there, plus one collision domain for
the entire Sales department because a hub is being used.
QUESTION 4:
The Certkiller corporate LAN consists of one large flat network. You decide to
segment this LAN into two separate networks with a router. What will be the affect
of this change?
A. The number of broadcast domains will be decreased.
B. It will make the broadcasting of traffic between domains more efficient between
segments.
C. It will increase the number of collisions.
D. It will prevent segment 1's broadcasts from getting to segment 2.
E. It will connect segment 1's broadcasts to segment 2.
Answer: D
Explanation
A router does not forward broadcast traffic. It therefore breaks up a broadcast domain,
reducing unnecessary network traffic. Broadcasts from one segment will not be seen on
the other segment.
Incorrect Answers:
A. This will actually increase the number of broadcast domains from one to two.
B. All link level traffic from segment one to segment two will now need to be routed
between the two interfaces of the router. Although this will reduce the traffic on the LAN
links, it does also provide a less efficient transport between the segments.
C. Since the network size is effectively cut into half, the number of collisions should
decrease dramatically.
E. Broadcasts from one segment will be completely hidden from the other segment.
QUESTION 5:
Which of the following are benefits of segmenting a network with a router? (Select
all that apply)
A. Broadcasts are not forwarded across the router.
B. All broadcasts are completely eliminated.
C. Adding a router to the network decreases latency.
D. Filtering can occur based on Layer 3 information.
E. Routers are more efficient than switches and will process the data more quickly.
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F. None of the above.
Answer: A, D
Explanation
Routers do not forward broadcast messages and therefore breaks up a broadcast domain.
In addition, routers can be used to filter network information with the use of access lists.
Incorrect Answers:
B. Broadcasts will still be present on the LAN segments. They will be reduced, because
routers will block broadcasts from one network to the other.
C. Adding routers, or hops, to any network will actually increase the latency.
E. The switching process is faster than the routing process. Since routers must do a layer
3 destination based lookup in order to reach destinations, they will process data more
slowly than switches.
QUESTION 6:
The Certkiller Texas branch network is displayed in the following diagram:
Of the following choices, which IP address should be assigned to the PC host?
A. 192.168.5.5
B. 192.168.5.32
C. 192.168.5.40
D. 192.168.5.63
E. 192.168.5.75
Answer: C.
Explanation:
The subnet mask used on this Ethernet segment is /27, which translates to
255.255.255.224. Valid hosts on the 192.168.5.33/27 subnet are
192.168.5.33-192.168.5.62, with 192.168.5.32 used as the network IP address and
192.168.5.63 used as the broadcast IP address. Therefore, only choice C falls within the
usable IP range.
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QUESTION 7:
The Certkiller .com network is displayed in the diagram below:
Based on the diagram above, how many collision domains are present in the
Certkiller .com network?
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Four
E. Five
F. Six
G. Fourteen
Answer: B
Explanation:
Since hubs are being used for both Ethernet segments, there are a total of two collision
domains. Routers do not forward broadcast and are used to segment LANs, so Certkiller A
consists of one collision domain while Certkiller B consists of the second collision
domain.
QUESTION 8:
The Certkiller network is displayed in the following diagram:
Based on the diagram shown above, which of the devices shown can transmit
simultaneously without causing collisions?
A. All hosts
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B. Only hosts attached to the switch
C. All hosts attached to the hub and one host attached to the switch
D. All hosts attached to the switch and one host attached to the hub
Answer: B
Explanation:
Unlike hubs, a switch is the device which is used to avoid collisions. When two
computers communicate through a switch they make their own collision domain. So,
there is no chance of collisions. Whenever a hub is included, it supports on half duplex
communication and works via CSMA/CD technology, so there is always a chance of
collision. In fact, some collisions are a normal occurrence in CSMA/CD.
QUESTION 9:
The Certkiller network is displayed in the diagram below:
Referring to the devices shown above, which statements are true in this scenario?
(Select two)
A. All the devices in both networks will receive a broadcast to 255.255.255.255 sent by
host Certkiller A.
B. Only the devices in network 192.168.1.0 will recive a broadcast to 255.255.255.255
sent by host Certkiller A.
C. All the devices on both networks are members of the same collision domain.
D. The hosts on the 192.168.1.0 network form one collision domain, and the hosts on the
192.168.2.0 network form a second collision domain.
E. Each host is in a separate collision domain.
Answer: B, E
Explanation:
Since the devices shown in the diagram are switches, B is in fact correct. D is not correct.
If the diagram used hubs and not switches then yes, there would only be two collision
domains, but the diagram has switches. The author may have intended to state broadcast
domains which would have been correct as well.
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Answer E is also correct, since the network is comprised of switches each host will be in
a separate collision domain.
QUESTION 10:
Given the choices below, which address represents a unicast address?
A. 224.1.5.2
B. FFFF. FFFF. FFFF.
C. 192.168.24.59/30
D. 255.255.255.255
E. 172.31.128.255/18
Answer: E
Explanation:
172.31.128.255 is the only unicast address. It seems to be a broadcast address, because of
255 in the last octet, the broadcast address for this network is actually 172.31.131.255.
Incorrect Answers:
A: 224.1.5.2 is a multicast address.
B: This is a broadcast layer 2 (data link) address.
C: Using a /30 for the subnet mask, this IP address becomes the broadcast address.
D. This is a broadcast IP address.
QUESTION 11:
With regard to bridges and switches, which of the following statements are true?
(Choose three.)
A. Switches are primarily software based while bridges are hardware based.
B. Both bridges and switches forward Layer 2 broadcasts.
C. Bridges are frequently faster than switches.
D. Switches typically have a higher number of ports than bridges.
E. Bridges define broadcast domain while switches define collision domains.
F. Both bridges and switches make forwarding decisions based on Layer 2 addresses.
Answer: B, D, F
Explanation:
B, F: Both are layer 2 (data link) devices designed to forward layer 2 broadcasts and
multicast addresses.
Switches do have more ports than bridges. Bridges normally use two ports to bridge
LANs together while switches typically come in 24 or 48 ports.
QUESTION 12:
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Which Layer 1 devices can be used to enlarge the area covered by a single LAN
segment? (Select two)
A. Switch
B. Router
C. NIC
D. hub
E. Repeater
F. RJ-45 transceiver
Answer: D, E
Explanation:
Both hub, Repeater, Router and Switch repeat the packet. But only hub and Repeater do
not segment the network. Repeaters and Hubs are contained in layer one of the OSI
model (Physical layer) while a switch lies in layer two and a router is in layer 3.
QUESTION 13:
CDP is running between two Certkiller devices. What information is supplied by
CDP? (Select three)
A. Device identifiers
B. Capabilities list
C. Platform
D. Route identifier
E. Neighbor traffic data
Answer: A, B, C
Explanation:
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QUESTION 14:
If a host on a network has the address 172.16.45.14/30, what is the address of the
subnetwork to which this host belongs?
A. 172.16.45.0
B. 172.16.45.4
C. 172.16.45.8
D. 172.16.45.12
E. 172.16.45.18
Answer: D
Explanation:
The last octet in binary form is 00001110. Only 6 bits of this octet belong to the subnet
mask. Hence, the subnetwork is 172.16.45.12.
QUESTION 15:
Two Certkiller devices are connected as shown below:
How many broadcast domains are shown in the graphic assuming only the default
VLAN is configured on the switches?
A. One
B. Two
C. Six
D. Twelve
Answer: A
Explanation:
There is only one broadcast domain because switches and hubs do not segment the
broadcast domains when only a single VLAN is configured. Only layer 3 devices can
segment the broadcast domains, or VLAN-capable switches where multiple VLANs are
configured. By default, all ports in a switch belong to VLAN 1 so in this case the entire
network will consist of one large broadcast domain.
QUESTION 16:
Exhibit:
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Study the Exhibit carefully. What switch functionality will prevent Layer 2
broadcasts from moving between the networks shown?
A. VLA.N
B. STP
C. ISL
D. VTP
Answer: A
Explanation:
Broadcast Control
Broadcasts occur in every protocol, but how often they occur depends upon three things:
1. The type of protocol
2. The application(s) running on the internetwork
3. How these services are used
Since switches have become more cost-effective lately, many companies are replacing
their flat hub networks with a pure switched network and VLAN environment. All
devices in a VLAN are members of the same broadcast domain and receive all
broadcasts. The broadcasts, by default, are filtered from all ports on a switch that are not
members of the same VLAN. This is great because it offers all the benefits you gain with
a switched design without the serious anguish you would experience if all your users
were in the same broadcast domain!
QUESTION 17:
The Certkiller network is shown in the following exhibit:
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Certkiller is concerned about unauthorized access to the Payroll Server. The
Accounting1, CEO, Mgr1, and Mgr2 workstations should be the only computers
with access to the Payroll Server. What two technologies should be implemented to
help prevent unauthorized access to the server? (Choose two.)
A. Access lists
B. Encrypted router passwords
C. STP
D. VLANs
E. VTP
F. Wireless LANs
Answer: A, D
Explanation:
Layer 2 switched networks are typically designed as flat networks from a broadcast perspective.
Every broadcast packet that is transmitted is seen by every device on the network, regardless of
whether the device needs to receive that data or not. By default, routers allow broadcasts only
within the originating network, but switches forward broadcasts to all segments. The reason it's
called a flat network is because it's one broadcast domain, not because its design is physically
flat. VLAN helps to control the broadcast for entire LAN, as well as VLAN helps to implement
for Secure LAN design. Access List is another most import security tool in Cisco router, using
access list we can allow or deny certain services to certain host or network.
QUESTION 18:
Exhibit:
Refer to the exhibit. What is required to allow communication between host A and
host B?
A. a CSU/DSU connected to the switches with crossover cables
B. a router connected to the switches with straight-through cables
C. a router connected to the switches with crossover cables
D. a straight-through cable only
E. a crossover cable only
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Answer: B
Explanation: There are two different VLANs in the figure, we require the router to
make inter-VLAN communication as well as Switch should connect with router
using the straight-through cable to router with trunk. Straight-through cable is used
to connect two different devices like, switch to router, host to switch. Since we need to
insert a router for communication between the two switches, straight through cables will
be used between the switches and the router.
QUESTION 19:
The Certkiller network is shown in the following exhibit:
Based on this diagram, which of the following is true?
A. Switch CK2 is the root bridge.
B. Spanning Tree is not running.
C. Host D and Server 1 are in the same network.
D. No collisions can occur in traffic between Host B and Host C.
E. If Fa0/0 is down on Router 1, Host A cannot access Server 1.
F. If Fa0/1 is down on Switch 3, Host C cannot access Server 2.
Answer: E
Explanation: A VLAN is a group of hosts with a common set of requirements that
communicate as if they were attached to the same wire, regardless of their physical
location. A VLAN has the same attributes as a physical LAN, but it allows for end
stations to be grouped together even if they are not located on the same LAN
segment.
The above diagram is configured with inter-VLAN communication so router has great
role to make communication between different VLAN. When router's port configured
with trunk down all host can't communicate with other host belongs to different VLAN.
QUESTION 20:
Refer to the exhibit. What is needed to allow host A to ping host B?
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A. a backbone switch connecting the switches with either fiber optic or straight-through
cables
B. a crossover cable connecting the switches
C. a router connected to the switches with straight-through cables
D. a straight-through cable connecting the switches
E. a CSU/DSU connected to the switches with straight-through cables
Answer: C
Explanation: Router is Layers 3 device is used for inter-network communication. In
output there are two different networks, but both switch needs to connect to router
using the straight-through cable.
QUESTION 21:
The corporate LAN shown in the exhibit uses IP network 172.28.4.0/22 for all
departments. All workstations use 172.28.4.1 as a default gateway address. Network
administrators have recently become concerned that excessive broadcasts are
slowing network performance. Which change is most likely to reduce broadcast
traffic on the corporate LAN?
Exhibit:
A. Configure an access control list on the router to prevent broadcast forwarding.
B. Configure each NIC and switch port to operate at full duplex.
C. Change the router-to-switch connection from Fast Ethernet to Gigabit Ethernet.
D. Implement VLANs after creating IP subnets for each department.
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E. Increase the number of switches in the network closet of each department.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Switches using VLANs create the same division of the network into separate broadcast
domains but do not have the latency problems of a router. Switches are also a more
cost-effective solution.
There are several benefits to using VLANs, including:
1. Increased performance
2. Improved manageability
3. Network tuning and simplification of software configurations
4. Physical topology independence
5. Increased security options
Increased performance
Switched networks by nature will increase performance over shared media devices in use
today, primarily by reducing the size of collision domains. Grouping users into logical
networks will also increase performance by limiting broadcast traffic to users performing
similar functions or within individual workgroups. Additionally, less traffic will need to
be routed, and the latency added by routers will be reduced.
QUESTION 22:
Refer to the exhibit. Two buildings on the San Jose campus of a small company
must be connected to use Ethernet with a bandwidth of at least 100 Mbps. The
company is concerned about possible problems from voltage potential differences
between the two buildings. Which media type should be used for the connection?
Exhibit:
A. STP cable
B. coaxial cable
C. fiber optic cable
D. UTP cable
Answer: C
Explanation:
Since fiber optic cable does not carry electrical charges, all electrical cable problems
disappear. When fiber optic cable (outdoor quality) is used to link buildings, grounding
problems, ground loops, and voltage spikes are eliminated and fiber-optic cable is all so
immune to electronic eavesdropping. The other options (STP, Coax, and UTP) are all
copper based and prone to electrical interferences.
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QUESTION 23:
Answer:
QUESTION 24:
You have the binary number 10011101. Convert it to its decimal and hexadecimal
equivalents. (Select two answer choices)
A. 158
B. 0x9D
C. 156
D. 157
E. 0x19
F. 0x9F
Answer: B, D
Explanation:
10011101 = 128+0+0+16+8+4+0+1 = 157
For hexadecimal, we break up the binary number 10011101 into the 2 parts:
1001 = 9 and 1101 = 13, this is D in hexadecimal, so the number is 0x9D. We can further
verify by taking the hex number 9D and converting it to decimal by taking 16 times 9,
and then adding 13 for D (0x9D = (16x9)+13 = 157).
QUESTION 25:
The subnet mask on the serial interface of a router is expressed in binary as
11111000 for the last octet. How do you express the binary number 11111000 in
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decimal?
A. 210
B. 224
C. 240
D. 248
E. 252
Answer: D
Explanation:
128 + 64+32+16+8 = 248. Since this is the last octet of the interface, the subnet mask
would be expressed as a /29.
Reference:
CCNA Self-Study CCNA ICND exam certification Guide (Cisco Press, ISBN
1-58720-083-X) Page 559
Incorrect Answers:
A. The number 210 would be 11010010 in binary.
B. The number 224 would be 11100000 in binary.
C. The number 240 would be 11110000 in binary
E. The number 252 would be 11111100 in binary. This is known as a /30 and is used
often in point-point links, since there are only 2 available addresses for use in this subnet.
QUESTION 26:
Which one of the binary number ranges shown below corresponds to the value of the first
octet in Class B address range?
A. 10000000-11101111
B. 11000000-11101111
C. 10000000-10111111
D. 10000000-11111111
E. 11000000-10111111
Answer: C
Explanation:
Class B addresses are in the range 128.0.0.0 through 191.255.255.255.
In binary, the first octet (128 through 191) equates to 10000000-10111111
Incorrect Answers:
A. Binary 10000000 does equate to 128 but binary 11101111 equates to 239
B. Binary 11000000 equates to 192 and binary 11101111 equates to 239
D. Binary 10000000 does equate to 128 but binary 11011111 equates to 223
E. Binary 11000000 equates to 192 but binary 10111111 does equate to 191
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QUESTION 27:
How would the number 231 be expressed as a binary number?
A. 11011011
B. 11110011
C. 11100111
D. 11111001
E. 11010011
Answer: C
Explanation
Decimal number 231 equates to 11100111 in binary (128+64+32+0+0+4+2+1)
Incorrect Answers:
A: Binary 11011011 equates to 219 (128+64+0+16+8+0+2+1)
B: Binary 11110011 equates to 243 (128+64+32+16+0+0+2+1)
Binary 11101011 equates to 249 (128+64+32+16+8+0+0+1)
E: Binary 11010011 equates to 211 (128+64+0+16+0+0+2+1)
QUESTION 28:
How would the number 172 be expressed in binary form?
A. 10010010
B. 10011001
C. 10101100
D. 10101110
Answer: C
Explanation:
10101100= 128 + 0 + 32 + 0 + 8 + 4 + 0 + 0 = 172
Incorrect Answers:
A. Binary 10010010 = 128+0+0+16+0+0+2+0=146
B. Binary 10011001 = 128+0+0+16+8+0+0+1=153
D. Binary 10101110 = 128+0+32+0+8+4+2+0= 174
QUESTION 29:
The MAC address for your PC NIC is: C9-3F-32-B4-DC-19. What is the address of
the OUI portion of this NIC card, expressed as a binary number?
A. 11001100-00111111-00011000
B. 11000110-11000000-00011111
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C. 11001110-00011111-01100000
D. 11001001-00111111-00110010
E. 11001100-01111000-00011000
F. 11111000-01100111-00011001
Answer: D
Explanation:
The first half of the address identifies the manufacturer of the card. This code, which is
assigned to each manufacturer by the IEEE, is called the organizationally unique
identifier (OUI). In this example, the OUI is C9-3F-32. If we take this number and
convert it to decimal form we have:
C9 = (12x16) + 9 = 201
3F = (3x16) + 15 = 63
32 = (3x16) + 2 = 50
So, in decimal we have 201.63.50. If we then convert this to binary, we have:
201 = 11001001
63 = 00111111
50 = 00110010
So the correct answer is
11001001-00111111-00110010
QUESTION 30:
How do you express the binary number 10110011 in decimal form?
A. 91
B. 155
C. 179
D. 180
E. 201
F. 227
Answer: C
Explanation:
If you arrange the binary number 10110011, against the place value and multiply the
values, and add them up, you get the correct answer.
1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1
128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1
128 + 0 + 32 +16 + 0 + 0 +2 +1 = 179